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Prescripción en materia laboral Costa Rica

Código de Trabajo

Artículo 413.- Salvo disposición especial en contrario, todos los derechos y las acciones provenientes de contratos de trabajo prescribirán en el término de un año, contado desde la fecha de extinción de dichos contratos.

 

En materia laboral, la prescripción se interrumpirá además por las siguientes causales:

 

a) Con la solicitud de la carta de despido, en los términos del artículo 35 de este Código.

 

b) La interposición, por parte del trabajador, de la correspondiente solicitud de diligencia de conciliación laboral administrativa ante el Ministerio de Trabajo y Seguridad Social.

 

c) En el caso de acciones derivadas de riesgos del trabajo, la interposición del reclamo respectivo en sede administrativa ante el Instituto Nacional de Seguros (INS).

 

d) Por cualquier gestión judicial y extrajudicial para el cobro de la obligación.

 

e) No correrá prescripción alguna mientras se encuentre laborando a las órdenes de un mismo patrono.

 

(Así reformado por el artículo 2° de la ley N° 9343 del 25 de enero de 2016, «Reforma Procesal Laboral».)

rtículo 419.- La acción para sancionar las faltas cometidas contra las leyes de trabajo y de previsión social prescribe en dos años, contados a partir del momento en que se cometan o desde el cese de la situación, cuando se trate de hechos continuados.

 

La presentación de la acusación ante los tribunales de trabajo interrumpe de forma continuada el plazo de prescripción, hasta que se dicte sentencia firme.

 

La prescripción se interrumpe también por cualquier gestión judicial o por gestión extrajudicial, en los casos en que no se haya presentado un proceso judicial.

 

La prescripción de la sanción impuesta en sentencia firme se regirá por lo dispuesto en el artículo 412.

 

(Así reformado por el artículo 2° de la ley N° 9343 del 25 de enero de 2016, «Reforma Procesal Laboral».)

 

Artículo 417.- Los derechos y las acciones de los empleadores o las empleadoras, para reclamar contra quienes se separen injustificadamente de sus puestos, caducarán de acuerdo con lo previsto en el artículo 32 de este Código.

 

ARTICULO 32.-

 

El patrono puede renunciar expresa o tácitamente los derechos que le otorgan los artículos 28 y 31. La renuncia se presumirá de pleno derecho siempre que no formule su reclamo antes de treinta días contados a partir de aquél en que el trabajador puso término al contrato.
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