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La Hipoteca Costa Rica

Código Civil

ARTÍCULO 409- La hipoteca se constituye en escritura pública por el dueño de un inmueble, para garantizar deuda propia o ajena. No es necesaria la aceptación expresa de aquel a cuyo favor se constituye la hipoteca.Puede dividirse materialmente o reunirse, por una sola vez, el inmueble hipotecario. Pero para efectuar esas mismas operaciones sobre las fincas resultantes, necesita el deudor o dueño del inmueble el consentimiento del acreedor hipotecario, haciendo en cada caso la respectiva sustitución de garantía.(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 2° de la ley Nº 3363 de 6 de agosto de 1964)

Tratándose de segregaciones de lotes, se procederá como si se tratara de divisiones materiales. en ambos casos, no podrá liberarse porción alguna si no fijan las partes la responsabilidad de las restantes, de acuerdo con el artículo 413.(Así adicionado el párrafo anterior por el artículo 2° de la ley Nº 3363 de 6 de agosto de 1964)

ARTÍCULO 410.- Sólo puede hipotecar quien puede enajenar.

No son susceptibles de hipoteca:

1º.- Los bienes que no pueden ser enajenados.

2º.- Los frutos o rentas pendientes con separación del predio que los produce.

3º.- Los muebles colocados permanentemente en un edificio á no ser con éste.

4º.- Las servidumbres, a no ser con el predio dominante.

5.- Los derechos de uso y habitación.

6º.- El arrendamiento.

7º.- El derecho de poseer una cosa en cualquier concepto que no sea el de dueño.

ARTÍCULO 411- La hipoteca de una finca abraza:

1º- Los frutos pendientes a la época en que se demande la obligación ya exigible.

2º- Las mejoras y aumentos que sobrevengan a la finca, así como las agregaciones naturales.

No se podrá otorgar una reunión cuando las fincas estuvieren hipotecadas independientemente en favor de diferentes acreedores. Cuando solo uno de los inmuebles a reunir fuere el gravado, se entiende ampliada la garantía, a menos que en el mismo acto se estipule lo contrario.

(Así reformado el inciso 2) anterior por el artículo 3° de la ley N° 3363 del 6 de agosto de 1964)

 

3) Las indemnizaciones que pueda cobrar el propietario por causa de seguro, expropiación forzosa y de perjuicios.

 

(Así adicionado el inciso anterior por el artículo 1º de la ley Nº 3450 de 5 de noviembre de 1964)

4) En los edificios y desarrollos sometidos al régimen de propiedad en condominio, el derecho que sobre los bienes comunes corresponda al propietario de una finca filial.

(Así adicionado el inciso anterior por el artículo 3º de la ley de Propiedad Horizontal, Nº 3670 del 22 de marzo de 1966)

(Así reformado el inciso anterior por el artículo 40 de la ley Reguladora de la Propiedad en Condominio; ley N°. 7933 de 28 de octubre de 1999)

ARTÍCULO 412.- La hipoteca constituida en garantía de una obligación que gana interés, no responde con perjuicio de tercero más que de las tres anualidades anteriores a la demanda, y de las que corran después de ella.

ARTÍCULO 413- La obligación garantida debe limitarse; y cuando se hipotequen varios inmuebles para la seguridad de un crédito, debe limitarse la responsabilidad de cada uno.

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