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5 Reactivos para el revelado de Huellas Dactilares

5 Reactivos para el revelado de Huellas Dactilares

 

 

– Negro de humo.

Creado en 1936, el polvo original Negro de humo (Lightning Black) es conocido por su color negro-carbón y por su propiedad de adherirse a la huella latente, pero no al fondo de la superficie. Es un polvo pesado que no flota en el aire y no ensucia al técnico así como a la impresión. El polvo negro de humo es recomendado para la mayoría de situaciones de revelado de huellas, su aplicación puede realizarse con una brocha de fibra de vidrio o una brocha de pelo de camello. Este polvo negro ha sido el polvo de elección por parte de muchos técnicos en huellas latentes y lofoscopistas por más de sesenta años.
Reactivos: negro de humo, polvos blancos
Este polvo es muy sensible al contacto por lo cual debe manejarse cuidadosamente debe usarse seco y libre de partículas oleosas, las cuales al reactivar huellas formarán manchas compactas que inutilizaran la huella; también se caracteriza por ser volátil y ennegrecer demasiado los fondos, por lo que para su uso se recomienda mezclarlo con tres partes de cuarzo pulverizado y cuatro partes de licopodio, que le darán consistencia, produciendo el contraste deseado sobre blancos o claros sin producir demasiado color que impida que pueda apreciarse el rastro sobre superficies claras o blancas tales como: vidrio, metal, papel, madera, etc.

– Polvos blancos.

El polvo Blanco (Lightning White) es de gran utilidad cuando se desea tener un gran contraste sobre una superficie oscura. Se usa siempre la misma brocha de fibra de vidrio en la aplicación del polvo blanco para evitar que se contamine con otros polvos de colores. Aplicamos el polvo Blanco sobre la superficie y se levantan las huellas de la misma forma que se haría con el polvo negro. La única diferencia es que con la cinta o acetato con que se recoja de de tener un fondo oscuro (preferiblemente negro) para dar un mayor contraste y definición a la huella.
Reactivos: negro de humo, polvos blancos
Los polvos en color blanco son útiles para hacer revelados sobre fondos negros o vidrio; «un buen polvo blanco se puede hacer con dos onzas de plomo blanco, y media onza de polvo de yeso francés.» Es muy importante tener siempre en cuenta que el plomo puede producir envenenamiento al ser absorbido por el organismo. Comercialmente no se fabrican polvos que contengan una base de plomo debido a su peligrosidad. Tampoco están siendo preparados comercialmente polvos que contengan mercurio, ya que este metal se vaporiza a la temperatura ambiental, resultando altamente tóxico.

– Sangre de drago.

Este reactivo se obtiene de la resina de un árbol que se pulveriza muy finamente, ofrece un excelente revelado en debido a su color tan resaltante. Su uso no se limita al uso en el revelado de huellas latentes, si no que se extiende hasta uso en la manufactura del gravado en zinc. Una ventaja que ofrece es que al aplicarle calor una vez que se ha revelado alguna huella latente, se conservara por mucho tiempo.
Sangre de drago, polvos fluorescentes
– Polvos fluorescentes.

Cuando se presentan huellas latentes sobre fondo multicolor, tales como marquillas, portadas de revistas, etcétera, lo indicado es utilizar un polvo fluorescente. Su aplicación es idéntica a los polvos convencionales y posteriormente de polvoreados los objetos, se llevan a un cuarto oscuro exponiéndose a luz ultravioleta. En caso de existir huellas, estas fluorescen al someterse a este tipo de luz y puede ser fotografiada en la oscuridad. Una de sus ventajas es que los colores del fondo no aparecerán en la fotografía.
Sangre de drago, polvos fluorescentes

– Polvos magnéticos

Los Polvos Magnéticos latentes son similares en apariencia a los polvos normales, pero contienen un metal por lo que se adhieren a un imán. Cuando se introduce un aplicador magnético dentro del frasco de polvo, este se congrega en la punta del aplicador y toma la forma de una «brocha». Cuando se termina de aplicar el polvo, se sostiene el aplicador encima del frasco y con un pequeño jalón en la parte alta del aplicador se alza el imán, dejando caer el polvo en el frasco. Por esta razón se gasta una pequeña cantidad de polvo en cada aplicación.
Polvos magnéticos: ventajas y desventajas
El frasco de boca ancha evita el derramamiento de polvo al momento de guardar grandes cantidades del mismo acumuladas en forma de pelotas en la punta del aplicador magnético. Se recomienda la aplicación de polvo magnético sobre superficies de papel, papel brillante (tales como portadas de revistas), pañuelos desechables, madera áspera o pulida, piel, plásticos, vidrio, y caucho. Trabaja excepcionalmente bien sobre cubiertas de plástico después que han sido tratadas con cianoacrilato. Este tipo de polvos contienen diminutas fracciones imantadas que se aplican con un pincel igualmente imantado.
Polvos magnéticos: ventajas y desventajas
El descubrimiento de la brocha o aplicador de polvos magnéticos se le atribuye a Herbert L. MacDonefi; se considera un medio efectivo para el revelado de huellas latentes sobre papel, vidrio, plástico y superficies en general no metálicas.
Polvos magnéticos: ventajas y desventajas
Ventajas
– Ofrece un trabajo relativamente limpio ya que es apenas notorio los rastros que deja por fuera de las huellas.
– Gasto mínimo del polvo
– Optimo para superficies porosas o corrugadas

Desventajas
– Se hace casi que imposible su uso en superficies verticales
– No es recomendable su uso en huellas de mucha antigüedad
– Se recomienda no usarse en superficies metálicas, aunque se ha demostrado que en algunas superficies metálicas.

Fuente: https://sites.google.com/site/alejandrapizarrolegal/20-levantamiento-de-huellas-dactilares/levantamiento-de-huellas-dactilares

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